多囊卵巢综合征

HISTORY: A 31-year-old female with a history of irregular menses

病史：女，31岁，月经不规律。

FINDINGS:

Pelvic ultrasound and T2-weighted MRI demonstrates an enlarged ovary with>12 subcentimeter peripheral follicles surrounding a prominent hyperechoic (US) and hypointense (MRI) ovarian stroma. No evidence of dominant follicle.

影像表现：盆腔放疗和MRI T2WI显示乳腺增大，四周囊泡大于12亚厘米。四周乳腺基质在放疗上过关斩将Echo，MRI上低波形。未见战术上卵泡。

DIAGNOSIS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

病患：多囊乳腺症候群

DISCUSSION:

Also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility. PCOS is an endocrinologic disorder characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Furthermore, PCOS has a classic triad of obesity, amenorrhea, and hirsutism; but only half of patients present with this combination.

讨论：多囊乳腺症候群也叫S-L症候群。是女性不孕的最常见原因。主要是由于遗传性紊乱导致长时间无排卵和激素肠道过盛。PCOS类似三联征：肥胖、闭经和多毛性疾病。但仅有半数高血压表现为此三联性疾病。

Therefore, imaging evaluation tends to follow to gain further information . Typical US/MRI findings include enlarged, rounded ovaries with numerous small, peripherally located follicles and stroma showing increased echogenicity (US) or decreased signal on T2-weighted imaging (MRI). Long-term follow-up should be recommended in such patients as PCOS patients he an increased risk of breast and uterine cancer secondary to unopposed high estrogen levels .

因此，需采用影像体检促使获取越来越多电子邮件。类似的放疗/MRI体征之外：乳腺增大、变圆，向外多发索科利夫卡泡，乳腺基质US上过关斩将Echo，T2WI低波形。PCOS高血压促请长时间随访，因长时间孕酮水平过高，可能会神经性乳腺癌和子宫癌。

（以上意念节选自腹部影像病例汇）

Notes:

1. Polycystic ovary syndrome [ˌpɑliˈsɪstɪk ˈovəri ˈsɪnˌdrom] 多囊乳腺症候群

2. menses ['mensi:z] n. 月经

3. peripheral [pəˈrɪfərəl] adj. 向外的

4. follicles n. 索科利夫卡

5. hyperechoic [haɪpɪre'kɔɪk] 过关斩将Echo的

6. infertility [ˌɪnfɚˈtɪlɪti] n. 后生

7. endocrinologic 遗传性的

8. anovulation [ænɒvjʊ'leɪʃn] n. 停止排卵

9. hyperandrogenism [haɪpə'rændrɒdʒɪnɪzəm] 激素过多性疾病

10. amenorrhea [eɪˌmenə'ri:ə] n. 停经

11. hirsutism ['hɜ:su:ˌtɪzəm] n. 多毛性疾病

12. ovary [ˈoʊvəri] n. 乳腺

13. stroma ['stroʊmə] n. 基质

14. echogenicity [ekədʒe'nɪsɪtɪ] 产生Echo（性）

15. estrogen [ˈɛstrədʒən] n. 孕酮

原标题：165.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)多囊乳腺症候群